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Lokalno politično vodenje: glas svetnikov

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Simona Kukovič, Miro Haček
Obseg: 158 strani / vezava: trda vezava, šivana / leto izida: 2018
ISBN: 978-961-235-869-3

Znanstvena monografija »Lokalno politično vodenje: glas svetnikov« se osredotoča na največjo skupino izvoljenih politikov v državi, in sicer na občinske svetnike. Občinski svetniki so ključni akterji lokalne predstavniške demokracije, saj na eni strani predstavljajo vez med občani in lokalnimi odločevalci, po drugi strani pa so kot zakonodajni organ tudi sami del občinskega vodstva in (so)določajo lokalne politike. Znanstvena monografija podaja analizo podatkov, pridobljenih na terenu, pa tudi zanimive in uporabne informacije o občinskih svetnikih, ki so lahko v pomoč praktikom, oblikovalcem (lokalnih) politik in drugim deležnikom, ki jih zanima lokalno politično vodenje. V uvodu smo izpostavili širši kontekst proučevanja občinskega sveta; v poglavjih, ki sledijo, pa analiziramo temeljna načela vodenja na lokalni ravni z vidika kolektivnega organa, osvetlili smo lokalno predstavništvo ter podrobneje analizirali vlogo in položaj občinskega sveta v veljavnem slovenskem sistemu lokalne samouprave. Obsežen del znanstvene monografije je namenjen predstavitvi rezultatov prve empirične raziskave med občinskimi svetniki v Sloveniji. S pomočjo te raziskave smo odkrili profil povprečnega slovenskega občinskega svetnika, to je moški srednjih let in srednjega statusnega razreda, ki ima močne lokalne korenine in dolgoletne izkušnje, saj to funkcijo opravlja že poldrugi mandat. Občinski svetniki imajo vzpostavljene močne povezave v nekaterih interesnih organizacijah, zlasti v športnih, kulturnih, humanitarnih in drugih društvih, medtem ko je njihovo delovanje v vodstvih političnih entitet manj pogosto. Po svojih značilnostih so bolj podobni laikom kot profesionalcem; še vedno so zvesti tradicionalnim aktivnostim občinskih svetnikov, kot so sooblikovanje glavnih ciljev občine, nadzor delovanja občinske uprave ter pomoč občinskega sveta županu in občinski upravi. Glede vlog in aktivnosti občinskih svetnikov smo ugotovili, da so občinski svetniki bolj naklonjeni opravljanjem zunanjih aktivnosti, nekoliko manj pa izvrševanju svoje vloge nadzornika župana in občinske uprave. Občinski svetniki v povprečju mesečno porabijo 23,5 ur za aktivnosti, povezane s funkcijo občinskega sveta, pri čemer največ časa namenijo sestankom občinskega sveta in njegovih delovnih teles ter pripravam nanje. Občinski svetniki imajo dobre medsebojne odnose ne glede na svojo politično opcijo; hkrati imajo tudi pogoste stike z namenom skupnega delovanja v dobro lokalne skupnosti. Pri proučevanju političnega predstavništva smo ugotovili, da so občinski svetniki nekoliko bolj naklonjeni zastopanju celotne občine, čeprav je zaznati tudi liberalni pogled zastopanja fragmentiranih skupin oziroma posamičnih interesov, zlasti tistih, s katerimi se občinski svetniki osebno povezujejo. Občinski svetniki so naklonjeni tako predstavniški in (še nekoliko bolj) participativni demokraciji, hkrati pa so naklonjeni tudi reformam, ki vključujejo različne oblike aktivnejšega neposrednega sodelovanja občanov v procesih odločanja tekom celotnega mandata. Ugotavljamo, da so slovenski občinski svetniki naklonjeni postopnemu prehodu iz tradicionalnih oblik lokalne demokracije k sodobnejšim konceptom, kar vključuje tudi izraženo podporo reformam modernizacije lokalne oblasti.

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